Adapting Outpatient Facility Design to Accommodate Patients of Size: Standards and Best Practices

In recent years, the healthcare industry in the United States has seen a shift from hospital-based care to outpatient facilities. This change is essential for improving patient satisfaction, enhancing efficiency, and reducing healthcare costs. The Facility Guidelines Institute (FGI) has introduced new design guidelines for outpatient facilities, focusing on the needs of various patient populations, including those labeled as “patients of size.”

Key Drivers of Change in Outpatient Facilities

The changing structure of healthcare delivery requires modifications in how outpatient facilities are designed. Key factors contributing to this transformation include:

• Increasing Patient Volume: The growing and aging population increases the demand for medical services. Outpatient facilities must effectively handle larger patient numbers.
• Shift to Outpatient Services: Many services previously offered in hospitals, like joint replacements and surgeries, are now performed in outpatient centers, reducing hospital stay needs.
• Focus on Patient Satisfaction: Patients now expect a positive experience from healthcare providers. The design and layout of facilities significantly contribute to this satisfaction.
• Technological Advancements: Modern technology, especially telemedicine, is changing care delivery and requires specific designs to support digital interactions.
• Regulatory Changes: Compliance with updated guidelines from organizations such as the FGI ensures that facilities meet current patient needs and safety standards.

New Standards for Outpatient Facilities

The FGI’s 2018 Guidelines for Design and Construction of Outpatient Facilities offer a new approach to design. These guidelines include revised standards aimed at “patients of size,” promoting an environment that ensures safety and comfort. The notable changes include:

1. Inclusive Design Considerations

The updated guidelines emphasize flexibility in design to meet the diverse needs of patients. Specific areas in facilities for “patients of size” guarantee safety and accessibility, reflecting an understanding of the growing diversity in patient demographics.

2. Redefined Space Requirements

The minimum clear floor area for procedure rooms has changed from 150 to 130 square feet, enhancing space utilization without sacrificing functionality. These updates allow facilities to accommodate equipment and staff while prioritizing patient comfort.

Additionally, the new requirements for sterile processing areas now require a two-room setup, which supports a dirty-to-clean workflow. This setup helps reduce infection risks in outpatient environments.

3. Comprehensive Telemedicine Design

Telemedicine has become a practical alternative to in-person visits, influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The updated guidelines emphasize designing spaces for telehealth services, focusing on privacy during consultations, technology needs for audio-visual systems, and an environment free from distractions.

4. Flexible Waiting Areas

The new guidelines stress the importance of waiting areas being spacious and designed to maintain comfortable distances between patients. This reimagining promotes an environment that values patient dignity and comfort.

Specific Facility Types Impacted

The 2018 Outpatient Guidelines cover a variety of facility types, including:

• Small Clinics and Medical Office Buildings (MOBs): These facilities often cater to specific physician specialties and must be organized for efficient patient flow, accommodating various patient sizes.
• Surgical Centers: As outpatient surgeries become more common, surgical centers need design changes that address pre- and post-operative care requirements.
• Urgent Care and Endoscopy Facilities: The updated guidelines for these centers support a dirty-to-clean workflow, vital for infection control.

Changes in Design Philosophy

The design philosophy for outpatient facilities now focuses on patient needs, particularly for “patients of size.” Key modifications include:

Changing Terminology

The FGI’s guidelines now use the term “patients of size” instead of “bariatric patients.” This change reflects a trend towards sensitivity in healthcare language, aiming to create a more welcoming atmosphere for all patients.

Patient-Centric Workflow

The design recommendations advocate for layouts that facilitate movement and reduce bottlenecks. Facilities are encouraged to rethink the organization of areas like check-in, waiting, examination, and recovery to improve workflows.

The Role of Technology in Improving Facility Design

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and automation can significantly enhance care and operational efficiency in outpatient facilities. AI is being used in various ways to transform front-office tasks and improve patient experiences:

1. Automated Phone Systems and Call Handling

Some companies specialize in automating phone interactions for healthcare facilities. This technology streamlines appointment scheduling, patient inquiries, and follow-ups, reducing administrative burdens on staff. This is particularly useful for outpatient facilities, allowing personnel to focus on patient care.

2. Data-Driven Decision Making

AI algorithms can analyze patient data to anticipate trends, helping facility administrators optimize resource allocation. This aids in managing peak times and adjusting staffing levels for smooth operations.

3. Streamlined Patient Flow

Incorporating AI into patient management systems can improve patient flow within clinics. Real-time data about appointment schedules helps to manage delays or adjust workflows efficiently, benefitting both patients and providers.

4. Enhanced Telehealth Integrations

The growth of telemedicine shows how technology can change outpatient care. AI can be integrated into telehealth platforms to enhance user experiences through intelligent scheduling, virtual triage, and personalized support, ensuring high-quality care without in-person visits.

Best Practices for Implementing Design Changes

Healthcare administrators, owners, and IT managers must work together to implement these new guidelines and adopt technology solutions.

1. Embrace an Inclusive Design Philosophy

Facility planners should prioritize inclusivity in design to serve all patient types. This includes ensuring clear access and suitable equipment in examination and treatment areas.

2. Consult Stakeholders

Engaging staff, patients, and community members during the design process can provide valuable insights into specific needs and expectations. Involving stakeholders fosters ownership and satisfaction in facility design.

3. Training and Support Initiatives

As technology becomes more integral to outpatient facilities, ongoing staff training and support are vital. Educating personnel on effectively using AI and automated systems contributes to a positive atmosphere.

4. Quality Assurance Measures

Regular reviews of facility performance against the new guidelines help ensure the facility continues to meet evolving healthcare demands. Quality assurance should address patient feedback and outcomes to refine service delivery.

Final Review

The changes in outpatient facility design reflect broader developments in the U.S. healthcare system. As facilities adapt to meet the needs of a diverse patient population, including “patients of size,” adherence to updated guidelines becomes essential. Utilizing technology like AI and automation not only improves operational efficiency but also enhances patient care, ensuring that all patients receive proper attention.

By following the recommended standards and best practices, medical practice administrators, owners, and IT managers can guide their organizations toward improved healthcare delivery in outpatient settings.